One of the most frustrating moments for many immigrant families comes after filing a family petition: they know there is a waiting list, but they don’t understand how it works.
They check the Visa Bulletin every month… and end up more confused. What is a priority date? Why are there two charts? Why do dates sometimes move backward? What happens if your case was moving forward and then stops?
This guide explains, in a clear and practical way, how to read the Visa Bulletin and understand when your relative’s turn will come.
1. The key concept: Priority Date
Your priority date is the day the government received your immigration petition (such as FormI-130).
It works as your place in line. That position does not change.
Example:
If your petition was filed on March 10, 2020, that is your priority date.
2. How to read the Visa Bulletin
The Visa Bulletin is a monthly chart showing which cases are moving forward.
To use it:
- Identify your category
- Find your country
- Compare your priority date
If your date is earlier, your turn is getting closer.
3. The biggest confusion: Chart A vs Chart B
A. Final Action Dates
- Shows when your case can be approved
- A visa is actually available
B. Dates for Filing
- Shows when you can start or advance your case
- Does not mean approval yet
Important:
The government decides each month which chart applies.
4. What does “C” (Current) mean?
“C” means:
- No waiting line
- Visas are available
- Immediate processing
If a date appears, there is a backlog.
5. Why do dates move backward?
This is called retrogression.
It happens when demand exceeds available visas.
In simple terms: more people than available spots.
6. What if your case is affected?
- If approved → no impact
- If pending → processing continues, but approval pauses
- If not filed → you must wait againYour case is not lost.
7. Real example (Venezuelan family)
María, a green card holder, petitions her adult son:
Priority date: June 15, 2018
Visa Bulletin shows:
- Final Action Date: May 1, 2017
- Date for Filing: August 1, 2018
Result:
- Cannot be approved yet
- Can begin processing documents
Final Thoughts
The Visa Bulletin may look complicated, but it follows one simple rule: a waiting line based on dates.
Once you understand your priority date and the two charts, you can stop guessing and start planning.
And most importantly: every month forward brings you closer to reuniting with your family.